Fostering public engagement in the ethical and social implications of genetic technologies

Genetic Technologies

Gene Therapy

Due to improvements in lab-based technologies and a widespread availability of biomedical data, the past two decades have yielded significant progress in the field of human medicine. Despite the vast advancements, drug treatment success rates for common disorders still remain astonishingly low. According to a 2001 study by Spear et. al, drug effectiveness ranges between 25-70%, with complex disease such as cancer resting at the bottom of the spectrum. The low efficacy may be due to the fact that many drugs only mask the symptoms of a disease without working to fix the root cause. A significant proportion of conditions are created by an underlying genetic mutation. Disorders such as cancer, Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s, cystic fibrosis, hemophilia, and muscular dystrophy are a few examples of inherited conditions with no known cures. Currently, the only available treatments for many diseases rely heavily on pharmaceuticals. Since the year 2000, there has been an increase in the amount of genetic data available due to studies such as The Human Genome Project, The International HapMap Project, and an abundant pooling of research data available on bioinformatics databases. Using this newly accessible information, researchers are looking to develop treatments that not only correct the clinical symptoms…
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